diff --git a/acme.sh b/acme.sh
index aae16f07..8b7fa70b 100755
--- a/acme.sh
+++ b/acme.sh
@@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@ _createcsr() {
   fi
 
   if [ "$acmeValidationv1" ]; then
-    printf "\n1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.30.1=critical,DER:04:20:${acmeValidationv1}" >>"${csrconf}"
+    printf "\n1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.31=critical,DER:04:20:${acmeValidationv1}" >>"${csrconf}"
   fi
 
   _csr_cn="$(_idn "$domain")"
diff --git a/dnsapi/README.md b/dnsapi/README.md
index 201deeec..9358eb4b 100644
--- a/dnsapi/README.md
+++ b/dnsapi/README.md
@@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@ export EXOSCALE_SECRET_KEY='xxx'
 
 Now, let's issue a cert:
 ```
-acme.sh --issue --dns dns_netcup -d example.com -d www.example.com
+acme.sh --issue --dns dns_exoscale -d example.com -d www.example.com
 ```
 
 The `EXOSCALE_API_KEY` and `EXOSCALE_SECRET_KEY` will be saved in `~/.acme.sh/account.conf` and will be reused when needed.
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh b/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh
index 202385fe..532199f3 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ dns_cf_add() {
   if [ -z "$CF_Key" ] || [ -z "$CF_Email" ]; then
     CF_Key=""
     CF_Email=""
-    _err "You didn't specify a cloudflare api key and email yet."
-    _err "Please create the key and try again."
+    _err "You didn't specify a Cloudflare api key and email yet."
+    _err "You can get yours from here https://dash.cloudflare.com/profile."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ dns_cf_rm() {
   if [ -z "$CF_Key" ] || [ -z "$CF_Email" ]; then
     CF_Key=""
     CF_Email=""
-    _err "You didn't specify a cloudflare api key and email yet."
-    _err "Please create the key and try again."
+    _err "You didn't specify a Cloudflare api key and email yet."
+    _err "You can get yours from here https://dash.cloudflare.com/profile."
     return 1
   fi
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh
index 5d38ef76..24e1a9f2 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh
@@ -104,48 +104,60 @@ dns_dgon_rm() {
   ## may get: "links":{"pages":{"last":".../v2/domains/DOM/records?page=2","next":".../v2/domains/DOM/records?page=2"}}
   GURL="https://api.digitalocean.com/v2/domains/$_domain/records"
 
-  ## while we dont have a record ID we keep going
-  while [ -z "$record" ]; do
+  ## Get all the matching records
+  while true; do
     ## 1) get the URL
     ## the create request - get
     ## args: URL, [onlyheader, timeout]
     domain_list="$(_get "$GURL")"
-    ## 2) find record
-    ## check for what we are looing for: "type":"A","name":"$_sub_domain"
-    record="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"id\"\s*\:\s*\"*[0-9]+\"*[^}]*\"name\"\s*\:\s*\"$_sub_domain\"[^}]*\"data\"\s*\:\s*\"$txtvalue\"")"
-    ## 3) check record and get next page
-    if [ -z "$record" ]; then
-      ## find the next page if we dont have a match
-      nextpage="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"links\".*" | _egrep_o "\"next\".*" | _egrep_o "http.*page\=[0-9]+")"
-      if [ -z "$nextpage" ]; then
-        _err "no record and no nextpage in digital ocean DNS removal"
-        return 1
-      fi
-      _debug2 nextpage "$nextpage"
-      GURL="$nextpage"
+
+    ## check response
+    if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
+      _err "error in domain_list response: $domain_list"
+      return 1
     fi
-    ## we break out of the loop when we have a record
+    _debug2 domain_list "$domain_list"
+
+    ## 2) find records
+    ## check for what we are looking for: "type":"A","name":"$_sub_domain"
+    record="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"id\"\s*\:\s*\"*[0-9]+\"*[^}]*\"name\"\s*\:\s*\"$_sub_domain\"[^}]*\"data\"\s*\:\s*\"$txtvalue\"")"
+
+    if [ ! -z "$record" ]; then
+
+      ## we found records
+      rec_ids="$(echo "$record" | _egrep_o "id\"\s*\:\s*\"*[0-9]+" | _egrep_o "[0-9]+")"
+      _debug rec_ids "$rec_ids"
+      if [ ! -z "$rec_ids" ]; then
+        echo "$rec_ids" | while IFS= read -r rec_id; do
+          ## delete the record
+          ## delete URL for removing the one we dont want
+          DURL="https://api.digitalocean.com/v2/domains/$_domain/records/$rec_id"
+
+          ## the create request - delete
+          ## args: BODY, URL, [need64, httpmethod]
+          response="$(_post "" "$DURL" "" "DELETE")"
+
+          ## check response (sort of)
+          if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
+            _err "error in remove response: $response"
+            return 1
+          fi
+          _debug2 response "$response"
+
+        done
+      fi
+    fi
+
+    ## 3) find the next page
+    nextpage="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"links\".*" | _egrep_o "\"next\".*" | _egrep_o "http.*page\=[0-9]+")"
+    if [ -z "$nextpage" ]; then
+      break
+    fi
+    _debug2 nextpage "$nextpage"
+    GURL="$nextpage"
+
   done
 
-  ## we found the record
-  rec_id="$(echo "$record" | _egrep_o "id\"\s*\:\s*\"*[0-9]+" | _egrep_o "[0-9]+")"
-  _debug rec_id "$rec_id"
-
-  ## delete the record
-  ## delete URL for removing the one we dont want
-  DURL="https://api.digitalocean.com/v2/domains/$_domain/records/$rec_id"
-
-  ## the create request - delete
-  ## args: BODY, URL, [need64, httpmethod]
-  response="$(_post "" "$DURL" "" "DELETE")"
-
-  ## check response (sort of)
-  if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "error in remove response: $response"
-    return 1
-  fi
-  _debug2 response "$response"
-
   ## finished correctly
   return 0
 }
@@ -178,44 +190,57 @@ _get_base_domain() {
   export _H2="Authorization: Bearer $DO_API_KEY"
   _debug DO_API_KEY "$DO_API_KEY"
   ## get URL for the list of domains
-  ## havent seen this request paginated, tested with 18 domains (more requires manual requests with DO)
+  ## may get: "links":{"pages":{"last":".../v2/domains/DOM/records?page=2","next":".../v2/domains/DOM/records?page=2"}}
   DOMURL="https://api.digitalocean.com/v2/domains"
 
-  ## get the domain list (DO gives basically a full XFER!)
-  domain_list="$(_get "$DOMURL")"
+  ## while we dont have a matching domain we keep going
+  while [ -z "$found" ]; do
+    ## get the domain list (current page)
+    domain_list="$(_get "$DOMURL")"
 
-  ## check response
-  if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "error in domain_list response: $domain_list"
-    return 1
-  fi
-  _debug2 domain_list "$domain_list"
-
-  ## for each shortening of our $fulldomain, check if it exists in the $domain_list
-  ## can never start on 1 (aka whole $fulldomain) as $fulldomain starts with "_acme-challenge"
-  i=2
-  while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
-    ## get next longest domain
-    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-"$MAX_DOM")
-    ## check we got something back from our cut (or are we at the end)
-    if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
-      ## we got to the end of the domain - invalid domain
-      _err "domain not found in DigitalOcean account"
+    ## check response
+    if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
+      _err "error in domain_list response: $domain_list"
       return 1
     fi
-    ## we got part of a domain back - grep it out
-    found="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"name\"\s*\:\s*\"$_domain\"")"
-    ## check if it exists
-    if [ ! -z "$found" ]; then
-      ## exists - exit loop returning the parts
-      sub_point=$(_math $i - 1)
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$sub_point")
-      _debug _domain "$_domain"
-      _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
-      return 0
+    _debug2 domain_list "$domain_list"
+
+    ## for each shortening of our $fulldomain, check if it exists in the $domain_list
+    ## can never start on 1 (aka whole $fulldomain) as $fulldomain starts with "_acme-challenge"
+    i=2
+    while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+      ## get next longest domain
+      _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-"$MAX_DOM")
+      ## check we got something back from our cut (or are we at the end)
+      if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
+        break
+      fi
+      ## we got part of a domain back - grep it out
+      found="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"name\"\s*\:\s*\"$_domain\"")"
+      ## check if it exists
+      if [ ! -z "$found" ]; then
+        ## exists - exit loop returning the parts
+        sub_point=$(_math $i - 1)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$sub_point")
+        _debug _domain "$_domain"
+        _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
+        return 0
+      fi
+      ## increment cut point $i
+      i=$(_math $i + 1)
+    done
+
+    if [ -z "$found" ]; then
+      ## find the next page if we dont have a match
+      nextpage="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"links\".*" | _egrep_o "\"next\".*" | _egrep_o "http.*page\=[0-9]+")"
+      if [ -z "$nextpage" ]; then
+        _err "no record and no nextpage in digital ocean DNS removal"
+        return 1
+      fi
+      _debug2 nextpage "$nextpage"
+      DOMURL="$nextpage"
     fi
-    ## increment cut point $i
-    i=$(_math $i + 1)
+
   done
 
   ## we went through the entire domain zone list and dint find one that matched
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh
index 17a1cdb0..506ef53e 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 Dynu_Token=""
 #
 #Endpoint
-Dynu_EndPoint="https://api.dynu.com/v1"
+Dynu_EndPoint="https://api.dynu.com/v2"
 #
 #Author: Dynu Systems, Inc.
 #Report Bugs here: https://github.com/shar0119/acme.sh
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ dns_dynu_add() {
   _debug _domain_name "$_domain_name"
 
   _info "Creating TXT record."
-  if ! _dynu_rest POST "dns/record/add" "{\"domain_name\":\"$_domain_name\",\"node_name\":\"$_node\",\"record_type\":\"TXT\",\"text_data\":\"$txtvalue\",\"state\":true,\"ttl\":90}"; then
+  if ! _dynu_rest POST "dns/$dnsId/record" "{\"domainId\":\"$dnsId\",\"nodeName\":\"$_node\",\"recordType\":\"TXT\",\"textData\":\"$txtvalue\",\"state\":true,\"ttl\":90}"; then
     return 1
   fi
 
-  if ! _contains "$response" "text_data"; then
+  if ! _contains "$response" "200"; then
     _err "Could not add TXT record."
     return 1
   fi
@@ -132,11 +132,12 @@ _get_root() {
       return 1
     fi
 
-    if ! _dynu_rest GET "dns/get/$h"; then
+    if ! _dynu_rest GET "dns/getroot/$h"; then
       return 1
     fi
 
-    if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
+    if _contains "$response" "\"domainName\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
+      dnsId=$(printf "%s" "$response" | tr -d "{}" | cut -d , -f 2 | cut -d : -f 2)
       _domain_name=$h
       _node=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
       return 0
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ _get_recordid() {
   fulldomain=$1
   txtvalue=$2
 
-  if ! _dynu_rest GET "dns/record/get?hostname=$fulldomain&rrtype=TXT"; then
+  if ! _dynu_rest GET "dns/$dnsId/record"; then
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -161,19 +162,18 @@ _get_recordid() {
     return 0
   fi
 
-  _dns_record_id=$(printf "%s" "$response" | _egrep_o "{[^}]*}" | grep "\"text_data\":\"$txtvalue\"" | _egrep_o ",[^,]*," | grep ',"id":' | tr -d ",," | cut -d : -f 2)
-
+  _dns_record_id=$(printf "%s" "$response" | sed -e 's/[^{]*\({[^}]*}\)[^{]*/\1\n/g' | grep "\"textData\":\"$txtvalue\"" | sed -e 's/.*"id":\([^,]*\).*/\1/')
   return 0
 }
 
 _delete_txt_record() {
   _dns_record_id=$1
 
-  if ! _dynu_rest GET "dns/record/delete/$_dns_record_id"; then
+  if ! _dynu_rest DELETE "dns/$dnsId/record/$_dns_record_id"; then
     return 1
   fi
 
-  if ! _contains "$response" "true"; then
+  if ! _contains "$response" "200"; then
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ _dynu_rest() {
   export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $Dynu_Token"
   export _H2="Content-Type: application/json"
 
-  if [ "$data" ]; then
+  if [ "$data" ] || [ "$m" = "DELETE" ]; then
     _debug data "$data"
     response="$(_post "$data" "$Dynu_EndPoint/$ep" "" "$m")"
   else
@@ -216,8 +216,8 @@ _dynu_authentication() {
     _err "Authentication failed."
     return 1
   fi
-  if _contains "$response" "accessToken"; then
-    Dynu_Token=$(printf "%s" "$response" | tr -d "[]" | cut -d , -f 2 | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d '"' -f 2)
+  if _contains "$response" "access_token"; then
+    Dynu_Token=$(printf "%s" "$response" | tr -d "{}" | cut -d , -f 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d '"' -f 2)
   fi
   if _contains "$Dynu_Token" "null"; then
     Dynu_Token=""
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
index 7a21aba6..cdda4775
--- a/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 # Requires GANDI API KEY set in GANDI_LIVEDNS_KEY set as environment variable
 #
 #Author: Frédéric Crozat <fcrozat@suse.com>
+#        Dominik Röttsches <drott@google.com>
 #Report Bugs here: https://github.com/fcrozat/acme.sh
 #
 ########  Public functions #####################
@@ -36,9 +37,7 @@ dns_gandi_livedns_add() {
   _debug domain "$_domain"
   _debug sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
 
-  _gandi_livedns_rest PUT "domains/$_domain/records/$_sub_domain/TXT" "{\"rrset_ttl\": 300, \"rrset_values\":[\"$txtvalue\"]}" \
-    && _contains "$response" '{"message": "DNS Record Created"}' \
-    && _info "Add $(__green "success")"
+  _dns_gandi_append_record "$_domain" "$_sub_domain" "$txtvalue"
 }
 
 #Usage: fulldomain txtvalue
@@ -56,9 +55,23 @@ dns_gandi_livedns_rm() {
   _debug fulldomain "$fulldomain"
   _debug domain "$_domain"
   _debug sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
+  _debug txtvalue "$txtvalue"
 
-  _gandi_livedns_rest DELETE "domains/$_domain/records/$_sub_domain/TXT" ""
+  if ! _dns_gandi_existing_rrset_values "$_domain" "$_sub_domain"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+  _new_rrset_values=$(echo "$_rrset_values" | sed "s/...$txtvalue...//g")
+  # Cleanup dangling commata.
+  _new_rrset_values=$(echo "$_new_rrset_values" | sed "s/, ,/ ,/g")
+  _new_rrset_values=$(echo "$_new_rrset_values" | sed "s/, *\]/\]/g")
+  _new_rrset_values=$(echo "$_new_rrset_values" | sed "s/\[ *,/\[/g")
+  _debug "New rrset_values" "$_new_rrset_values"
 
+  _gandi_livedns_rest PUT \
+    "domains/$_domain/records/$_sub_domain/TXT" \
+    "{\"rrset_ttl\": 300, \"rrset_values\": $_new_rrset_values}" \
+    && _contains "$response" '{"message": "DNS Record Created"}' \
+    && _info "Removing record $(__green "success")"
 }
 
 ####################  Private functions below ##################################
@@ -98,6 +111,45 @@ _get_root() {
   return 1
 }
 
+_dns_gandi_append_record() {
+  domain=$1
+  sub_domain=$2
+  txtvalue=$3
+
+  if _dns_gandi_existing_rrset_values "$domain" "$sub_domain"; then
+    _debug "Appending new value"
+    _rrset_values=$(echo "$_rrset_values" | sed "s/\"]/\",\"$txtvalue\"]/")
+  else
+    _debug "Creating new record" "$_rrset_values"
+    _rrset_values="[\"$txtvalue\"]"
+  fi
+  _debug new_rrset_values "$_rrset_values"
+  _gandi_livedns_rest PUT "domains/$_domain/records/$sub_domain/TXT" \
+    "{\"rrset_ttl\": 300, \"rrset_values\": $_rrset_values}" \
+    && _contains "$response" '{"message": "DNS Record Created"}' \
+    && _info "Adding record $(__green "success")"
+}
+
+_dns_gandi_existing_rrset_values() {
+  domain=$1
+  sub_domain=$2
+  if ! _gandi_livedns_rest GET "domains/$domain/records/$sub_domain"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if ! _contains "$response" '"rrset_type": "TXT"'; then
+    _debug "Does not have a _acme-challenge TXT record yet."
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if _contains "$response" '"rrset_values": \[\]'; then
+    _debug "Empty rrset_values for TXT record, no previous TXT record."
+    return 1
+  fi
+  _debug "Already has TXT record."
+  _rrset_values=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o 'rrset_values.*\[.*\]' \
+    | _egrep_o '\[".*\"]')
+  return 0
+}
+
 _gandi_livedns_rest() {
   m=$1
   ep="$2"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh b/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh
index 39bcfb63..74a472d2 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh
@@ -74,8 +74,26 @@ _hostingde_getZoneConfig() {
   return $returnCode
 }
 
+_hostingde_getZoneStatus() {
+  _debug "Checking Zone status"
+  curData="{\"filter\":{\"field\":\"zoneConfigId\",\"value\":\"${zoneConfigId}\"},\"limit\":1,\"authToken\":\"${HOSTINGDE_APIKEY}\"}"
+  curResult="$(_post "${curData}" "${HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT}/api/dns/v1/json/zonesFind")"
+  _debug "Calling zonesFind '${curData}' '${HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT}/api/dns/v1/json/zonesFind'"
+  _debug "Result of zonesFind '$curResult'"
+  zoneStatus=$(echo "${curResult}" | grep -v success | _egrep_o '"status":.*' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | cut -d '"' -f 2)
+  _debug "zoneStatus '${zoneStatus}'"
+  return 0
+}
+
 _hostingde_addRecord() {
   _info "Adding record to zone"
+  _hostingde_getZoneStatus
+  _debug "Result of zoneStatus: '${zoneStatus}'"
+  while [ "${zoneStatus}" != "active" ]; do
+    _sleep 5
+    _hostingde_getZoneStatus
+    _debug "Result of zoneStatus: '${zoneStatus}'"
+  done
   curData="{\"authToken\":\"${HOSTINGDE_APIKEY}\",\"zoneConfig\":{\"id\":\"${zoneConfigId}\"},\"recordsToAdd\":[{\"name\":\"${fulldomain}\",\"type\":\"TXT\",\"content\":\"\\\"${txtvalue}\\\"\",\"ttl\":3600}]}"
   curResult="$(_post "${curData}" "${HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT}/api/dns/v1/json/zoneUpdate")"
   _debug "Calling zoneUpdate: '${curData}' '${HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT}/api/dns/v1/json/zoneUpdate'"
@@ -93,6 +111,13 @@ _hostingde_addRecord() {
 
 _hostingde_removeRecord() {
   _info "Removing record from zone"
+  _hostingde_getZoneStatus
+  _debug "Result of zoneStatus: '$zoneStatus'"
+  while [ "$zoneStatus" != "active" ]; do
+    _sleep 5
+    _hostingde_getZoneStatus
+    _debug "Result of zoneStatus: '$zoneStatus'"
+  done
   curData="{\"authToken\":\"${HOSTINGDE_APIKEY}\",\"zoneConfig\":{\"id\":\"${zoneConfigId}\"},\"recordsToDelete\":[{\"name\":\"${fulldomain}\",\"type\":\"TXT\",\"content\":\"\\\"${txtvalue}\\\"\"}]}"
   curResult="$(_post "${curData}" "${HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT}/api/dns/v1/json/zoneUpdate")"
   _debug "Calling zoneUpdate: '${curData}' '${HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT}/api/dns/v1/json/zoneUpdate'"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh b/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh
index 5d761187..ece5ef8c 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ dns_loopia_add() {
 
   _info "Adding record"
 
-  _loopia_add_record "$_domain" "$_sub_domain"
-  _loopia_update_record "$_domain" "$_sub_domain" "$txtvalue"
+  _loopia_add_sub_domain "$_domain" "$_sub_domain"
+  _loopia_add_record "$_domain" "$_sub_domain" "$txtvalue"
 
 }
 
@@ -96,6 +96,37 @@ dns_loopia_rm() {
 
 ####################  Private functions below ##################################
 
+_loopia_get_records() {
+  domain=$1
+  sub_domain=$2
+
+  xml_content=$(printf '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+  <methodCall>
+    <methodName>getZoneRecords</methodName>
+    <params>
+      <param>
+        <value><string>%s</string></value>
+      </param>
+      <param>
+        <value><string>%s</string></value>
+      </param>
+      <param>
+        <value><string>%s</string></value>
+      </param>
+      <param>
+        <value><string>%s</string></value>
+      </param>
+    </params>
+  </methodCall>' $LOOPIA_User $LOOPIA_Password "$domain" "$sub_domain")
+
+  response="$(_post "$xml_content" "$LOOPIA_Api" "" "POST")"
+  if ! _contains "$response" "<array>"; then
+    _err "Error"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  return 0
+}
+
 _get_root() {
   domain=$1
   _debug "get root"
@@ -137,14 +168,14 @@ _get_root() {
 
 }
 
-_loopia_update_record() {
+_loopia_add_record() {
   domain=$1
   sub_domain=$2
   txtval=$3
 
   xml_content=$(printf '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <methodCall>
-    <methodName>updateZoneRecord</methodName>
+    <methodName>addZoneRecord</methodName>
     <params>
       <param>
         <value><string>%s</string></value>
@@ -176,10 +207,6 @@ _loopia_update_record() {
             <name>rdata</name>
             <value><string>%s</string></value>
           </member>
-          <member>
-            <name>record_id</name>
-            <value><int>0</int></value>
-          </member>
         </struct>
       </param>
     </params>
@@ -194,10 +221,42 @@ _loopia_update_record() {
   return 0
 }
 
-_loopia_add_record() {
+_sub_domain_exists() {
   domain=$1
   sub_domain=$2
 
+  xml_content=$(printf '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+  <methodCall>
+    <methodName>getSubdomains</methodName>
+    <params>
+      <param>
+        <value><string>%s</string></value>
+      </param>
+      <param>
+        <value><string>%s</string></value>
+      </param>
+      <param>
+        <value><string>%s</string></value>
+      </param>
+    </params>
+  </methodCall>' $LOOPIA_User $LOOPIA_Password "$domain")
+
+  response="$(_post "$xml_content" "$LOOPIA_Api" "" "POST")"
+
+  if _contains "$response" "$sub_domain"; then
+    return 0
+  fi
+  return 1
+}
+
+_loopia_add_sub_domain() {
+  domain=$1
+  sub_domain=$2
+
+  if _sub_domain_exists "$domain" "$sub_domain"; then
+    return 0
+  fi
+
   xml_content=$(printf '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <methodCall>
     <methodName>addSubdomain</methodName>
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh b/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh
index 7089c2d0..a6651be6 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh
@@ -199,9 +199,12 @@ _namecheap_check_config() {
 _set_namecheap_TXT() {
   subdomain=$2
   txt=$3
-  tld=$(echo "$1" | cut -d '.' -f 2)
-  sld=$(echo "$1" | cut -d '.' -f 1)
-  request="namecheap.domains.dns.getHosts&SLD=$sld&TLD=$tld"
+
+  if ! _namecheap_set_tld_sld "$1"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  request="namecheap.domains.dns.getHosts&SLD=${_sld}&TLD=${_tld}"
 
   if ! _namecheap_post "$request"; then
     _err "$error"
@@ -231,7 +234,7 @@ EOT
 
   _debug hostrequestfinal "$_hostrequest"
 
-  request="namecheap.domains.dns.setHosts&SLD=${sld}&TLD=${tld}${_hostrequest}"
+  request="namecheap.domains.dns.setHosts&SLD=${_sld}&TLD=${_tld}${_hostrequest}"
 
   if ! _namecheap_post "$request"; then
     _err "$error"
@@ -244,9 +247,12 @@ EOT
 _del_namecheap_TXT() {
   subdomain=$2
   txt=$3
-  tld=$(echo "$1" | cut -d '.' -f 2)
-  sld=$(echo "$1" | cut -d '.' -f 1)
-  request="namecheap.domains.dns.getHosts&SLD=$sld&TLD=$tld"
+
+  if ! _namecheap_set_tld_sld "$1"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  request="namecheap.domains.dns.getHosts&SLD=${_sld}&TLD=${_tld}"
 
   if ! _namecheap_post "$request"; then
     _err "$error"
@@ -286,7 +292,7 @@ EOT
 
   _debug hostrequestfinal "$_hostrequest"
 
-  request="namecheap.domains.dns.setHosts&SLD=${sld}&TLD=${tld}${_hostrequest}"
+  request="namecheap.domains.dns.setHosts&SLD=${_sld}&TLD=${_tld}${_hostrequest}"
 
   if ! _namecheap_post "$request"; then
     _err "$error"
@@ -306,3 +312,45 @@ _namecheap_add_host() {
   _hostindex=$(_math "$_hostindex" + 1)
   _hostrequest=$(printf '%s&HostName%d=%s&RecordType%d=%s&Address%d=%s&MXPref%d=%d&TTL%d=%d' "$_hostrequest" "$_hostindex" "$1" "$_hostindex" "$2" "$_hostindex" "$3" "$_hostindex" "$4" "$_hostindex" "$5")
 }
+
+_namecheap_set_tld_sld() {
+  domain=$1
+  _tld=""
+  _sld=""
+
+  i=2
+
+  while true; do
+
+    _tld=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    _debug tld "$_tld"
+
+    if [ -z "$_tld" ]; then
+      _debug "invalid tld"
+      return 1
+    fi
+
+    j=$(_math "$i" - 1)
+
+    _sld=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$j")
+    _debug sld "$_sld"
+
+    if [ -z "$_sld" ]; then
+      _debug "invalid sld"
+      return 1
+    fi
+
+    request="namecheap.domains.dns.getHosts&SLD=$_sld&TLD=$_tld"
+
+    if ! _namecheap_post "$request"; then
+      _debug "sld($_sld)/tld($_tld) not found"
+    else
+      _debug "sld($_sld)/tld($_tld) found"
+      return 0
+    fi
+
+    i=$(_math "$i" + 1)
+
+  done
+
+}